CYTOTOXIC COMPOUNDS FROM THE STEM BARK OF TWO SUBSP.
OF Bersama abyssinica
Keywords:
medicinal plants, secondary metabolites, crystallography, cytotoxicityAbstract
Medicinal plants are a rich source of bioactive secondary metabolites which are useful in modern drug development. Bersama species (family Melianthaceae) are used traditionally to manage various diseases. This study aimed at isolating bioactive compounds from the stem bark of two subsp. of Bersama abyssinica. Three new bufadienolides, namely, paulliniogenin A (1), paulliniogenin B (2), and 16?formyloxybersamagenin 1,3,5-orthoacetate (3), together with two known bufadienolides and six known phenolic substances, were isolated from the stem bark of B. abyssinica subsp. abyssinica and B. abyssinica subsp. paullinioides. The structures of the compounds were elucidated based on their NMR and HRMS data analyses. The relative configurations were defined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography and NOESY correlations. Cytotoxicity against the L929 and KB3.1 cancer cell lines of the isolated compounds was investigated using an MTT assay. Paulliniogenin A (1) and 16?-hydroxybersamagenin-1,3,5-orthoacetate (4) showed cytotoxicity against the KB3.1 cell line with IC50 values of 1.4 ± 0.77 and 1.6 ± 0.81 ?M, respectively. Moreover, paulliniogenin A (1) and paulliniogenin B (2) demonstrated weak activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Paulliniogenin A (1) and 16?-hydroxybersamagenin-1,3,5-orthoacetate (4) are potential lead compounds for the development of remedies for KB3.1 cancer cell lines (human cancer carcinoma).
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